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Neonatal Med > Volume 20(1); 2013 > Article
Neonatal Medicine 2013;20(1):51-57.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2013.20.1.51    Published online March 8, 2013.
Insensible Water Loss during the First Week of Life of Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants Less than 25 Gestational Weeks under High Humidification.
Se In Sung, So Yoon Ahn, Hyun Joo Seo, Hye Soo Yoo, Young Mi Han, Myung Sook Lee, Yun Sil Chang, Won Soon Park
1Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. wonspark@skku.edu
2Department of Pediatrics, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea.
Abstract
PURPOSE
Extremely-low-birth-weight infants (ELBWIs), especially those < or =24 gestational weeks (GW), presented extremes in IWL and changes of water balance. The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively investigate fluid and electrolyte balance in infants of < or =24-GW during the first postnatal week under high humidification.
METHODS
Medical records of extremely-low-birth-weight infants (ELBWIs) who were born and admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Samsung Medical Center during March 2004-September 2010 were reviewed. Fluid intake, urine output, insensible water loss (IWL) and electrolyte balance of 22-GW (n=14), 23-GW (n=40) and 24-GW (n=67) infants nursed in high humidity (95%) were compared with > or =26-GW (n=65) infants nursed in 60% humidity.
RESULTS
Survival rate until discharge was 33%, 82%, 75% and 89.3% in 22-GW, 23-GW, 24-GW and > or =26-GW infants, respectively. Compared to > or =26-GW infants, fluid intake and IWL was higher in 22-GW and 23-WG, but not as different in 24-GW. At postnatal day (P) 3-5, urine output was significantly lower in > or =26-GW infants than in the other age groups. Serum sodium level was significantly higher in 22-, 23- and 24-GW (P1-2) than in > or =26-GW infants. Hypernatremia (>150 mEq/dl sodium) was more frequent in 22-GW (71%), 23-GW (41%) and 24-GW (21%) than in > or =26-GW infants (14%).
CONCLUSION
High-humidity environments significantly decreased fluid intake and improved electrolyte imbalance in 24-GW, but not in 22- and 23-GW infants. Increased IWL in the latter might be related to more immature skin, implicating the need for additional nurturing conditions.
Key Words: Electrolytes; Extremely-low-birth-weight infant; Humidity; Insensible water loss


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